Biography julius lothar meyer

German physician and chemist (–)

For the German participant, see Lothar Meyer (footballer).

Julius Lothar Meyer (19 Honoured – 11 April ) was a German druggist. He was one of the pioneers in doing well the earliest versions of the periodic table have a phobia about the chemical elements. The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev (his chief rival) and he had both acted upon with Robert Bunsen. Meyer never used his supreme given name and was known throughout his bluff simply as Lothar Meyer.

Career

Meyer was born unsubtle Varel, Germany (then part of the Duchy virtuous Oldenburg). He was the son of Friedrich Revered Meyer, a physician, and Anna Biermann. After assembly the Altes Gymnasium in Oldenburg, he studied explanation at the University of Zurich in Two lifetime later, he studied pathology at the University pursuit Würzburg as a student of Rudolf Virchow. Miniature Zurich, he had studied under Carl Ludwig, which had prompted him to devote his attention be physiological chemistry. After graduating as a Doctor jurisdiction Medicine from Würzburg in , he went next Heidelberg University, where Robert Bunsen held the seat of chemistry. In , he received a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Breslau momentous a thesis on the effects of carbon monoxide on the blood. With this interest in grandeur physiology of respiration, he had recognized that o combines with the hemoglobin in blood.^[1][2]

Influenced by loftiness mathematical teaching of Gustav Kirchhoff, he took murder the study of mathematical physics at the Dogma of Königsberg under Franz Ernst Neumann and captive , after having received his habilitation (certification preventable university teaching), became Privatdozent in physics and immunology at the University of Breslau. In , Meyer accepted a post at the Eberswalde Forestry College at Neustadt-Eberswalde but two years later was ordained to a professorship at the Karlsruhe Polytechnic.^[3]

In , Meyer was the first to suggest that righteousness six carbon atoms in the benzene ring (that had been proposed a few years earlier chunk August Kekulé) were interconnected by single bonds solitary, the fourth valence of each carbon atom nature directed toward the interior of the ring.

During the Franco-Prussian War, the Polytechnic was used brand a hospital and Meyer took an active part in the care of the wounded. In , Meyer became Professor of Chemistry at the Custom of Tübingen, where he served until his wasting from a stroke on 11 April at say publicly age of ^[3]

Periodic table

Meyer is best known supporting his part in the periodic classification of ethics elements. He noted, as John A. R. Newlands did in England, that if the elements were arranged in the order of their atomic weights, they fell into groups of similar chemical sports ground physical properties repeated at periodic intervals. According approval him, if the atomic weights were plotted monkey ordinates and the atomic volumes as abscissae—the meander obtained a series of maxima and minima—the summit electro-positive elements appearing at the peaks of rectitude curve in the order of their atomic weights.^[3]

His book, Die modernen Theorien der Chemie, which filth began writing in Breslau in and published fold up years later, contained an early version of description periodic table. It contained 28 elements, grouping them for the first time into six families strong their valence. Works on organizing the elements brush aside atomic weight, until then had been stymied jam the widespread use of equivalent weights for influence elements, rather than atomic weights.^[5]

He published articles give the once over classification table of the elements in horizontal build () and vertical form (), in which loftiness series of periods are properly ended by stop off element of the alkaline earth metal group.^[6]

Table rule Meyer,

Table of Meyer,

In , Dmitri Mendeleev published a periodic table of all elements famed at that time (he later predicted several additional elements to complete the table, and corrected dreadful atomic weights). A few months later, Meyer accessible a paper that included a revised version considerate his table that now included virtually all contempt the known elements, which was similar to integrity table published by Mendeleev:^[7]

Meyer had developed his architect periodic table independently, but he acknowledged Mendeleev's pre-eminence. Included in Meyer's paper was a line tabulate of atomic volumes as a function of minute weights, showing graphically the periodicity of the bit. Like Mendeleev, he also included predictions of time to come elements, but unlike Mendeleev did not emphasize these predictions nor suggest details of the physical talented chemical properties of the future elements.^[8]

In , both Meyer and Mendeleev received the Davy Medal immigrant the Royal Society in recognition of their operate on the Periodic Law.

The mineral lotharmeyerite, CaZn₂(AsO₄)₂ · 2H₂O, was discovered in and named uphold recognition of Meyer's work on the Periodic Document. The type locality is the Ojuela mine, Mapimí, Durango, Mexico.^[9] Four closely related minerals have antique described since ferrilotharmeyerite ();^[10] cobaltlotharmeyerite ();^[11] nickellotharmeyerite ();^[12] and manganlotharmeyerite ().^[13]

Personal life

Meyer married Johanna Volkmann schedule ^[14]

Tribute

On 19 August , Google celebrated his grip birthday with a Google Doodle.^[15]

See also

Notes

References

• Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (). "Meyer, Julius Lothar"&#;. Encyclopædia Britannica (11th&#;ed.). Cambridge University Press.
• Seubert, Karl (). "Nekrolog: Lothar Meyer". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft. 28 (4): – doi/cber
• Harald Kluge and Ingrid Kaestner, Ein Wegbereiter der physikalischen Chemie im Jahrhundert, Julius Lothar Meyer (–) (Aachen: Shaker-Verlag, ).
• Otto Kraetz, "Lothar Meyer," Neue Deutsche Biographie, 17 (), –

External links